Maratha EmpireMaratha Empire emerged as a dominant power in India during the 17th and 18th centuries.Shivaji Maharaj (1627–1680) was the founder of the Maratha Empire.Shivaji established a well-organized and…
Aurangzeb and DeclineAurangzeb (1658–1707) ascended the throne after defeating his brothers, including Dara Shikoh, in a bloody succession war.Aurangzeb adopted a policy of strict Islamic orthodoxy, reintroducing the…
Jahangir and Shah JahanJahangir (1605–1627 CE) was the fourth Mughal Emperor, succeeding his father Akbar.Jahangir was originally named Prince Salim and took the title Nur-ud-din Muhammad Jahangir upon his ascension.His…
Akbar the GreatAkbar (r.
Babur and the First Battle of PanipatBabur was the founder of the Mughal Empire in India.He was a descendant of Timur from his father’s side and Genghis Khan from his mother’s side.Babur ascended the throne of Fergana (modern Uzbekistan…
Bahmani SultanateThe Bahmani Sultanate was established in 1347 CE by Alauddin Bahman Shah, also known as Hasan Gangu.It was the first independent Muslim kingdom in the Deccan region, breaking away from the Delhi…
Vijayanagara EmpireVijayanagara Empire was founded in 1336 by Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty.The empire was established to resist the Muslim invasions and to protect Hindu culture and traditions.…
Alauddin Khilji and Muhammad bin TughlaqAlauddin Khilji (1296–1316 CE) was the second ruler of the Khilji dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate.He implemented a strong central administration and sought to curb the power of the nobility and…
Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526)The Delhi Sultanate was established in 1206 by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, the founder of the Slave Dynasty.It marked the beginning of Muslim rule in northern India.The Delhi Sultanate consisted of five main…
Cultural and Religious DevelopmentsTemple Architecture: The period saw the evolution of Nagara, Dravida, and Vesara styles of temple architecture.Bhakti Movement: The rise of devotional movements focused on Vishnu, Shiva, and Shakti,…